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Introduction to Continuum Mechanic

The first edition of this book was published in 1974, nearly twenty years ago. It was written as a text book for an introductory course in continuum mechanics and aimed specifically at the junior and senior level of undergraduate engineering curricula which choose to introduce to the students at the undergraduate level the general approach to the subject matter of continuum mechanics. We are pleased that many instructors of continuum mechanics have found this little book serves that purpose well. However, we have also understood that many instructors have used this book as one of the texts for a beginning graduate course in continuum mechanics. It is this latter knowledge that has motivated us to write this new edition. In this present edition, we have included materials which we feel are suitable for a beginning graduate course in continuum mechanics.

A PLACE MORE VOID

Heartfelt thanks to the book’s contributors, whose patience and hard work ensured our editorial tasks went swimmingly. We also gratefully acknowl- edge the contributions of all those who participated in the fi ve (!) “Into the Void” sessions at the 2017 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Geographers in Boston, Massachusetts.

Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

This book was written as a textbook or guidebook on fluid mechanics for students or junior engineers studying mechanical or civil engineering. The recent progress in the science of visualisation and computational fluid dynamics is astounding. In this book, effort has been made to introduce students /engineers to fluid mechanics by making explanations easy to understand, including recent information and comparing the theories with actual phenomena. Fluid mechanics has hitherto been divided into ‘hydraulics’, dealing with the experimental side, and ‘hydrodynamics’, dealing with the theoretical side. In recent years, however, both have merged into an inseparable single science. A great deal was contributed by developments in the science of visualisation and by the progress in computational fluid dynamics using advances in computers. This book is written from this point of view.

Introduction to STATICS and DYNAMICS

The following are amongst those who have helped with this book as editors, artists, tex programmers, advisors, critics or suggestors and creators of content: Alexa Barnes, Joseph Burns, Jason Cortell, Ivan Dobrianov, Gabor Domokos, Max Donelan, Thu Dong, Gail Fish, Mike Fox, John Gibson, Robert Ghrist, Saptarsi Haldar, Dave Heimstra, Theresa Howley, Herbert Hui, Michael Marder, Elaina McCartney, Horst Nowacki, Arthur Ogawa, Kalpana Pratap, Richard Rand, Dane Quinn, Phoebus Rosakis, Les Schaeffer, Ishan Sharma, David Shipman, Jill Startzell, Saskya van Nouhuys, Bill Zobrist. Mike Coleman worked extensively on the text, wrote many of the examples and homework problems and created many of the figures. David Ho has drawn or improved most of the computer art work. Some of the homework problems are modifications from the Cornell’s Theoretical and Applied Mechanics archives and thus are due to T&AM faculty or their libraries in ways that we do not know how to give proper attribution. Our editor Peter Gordon has been patient and supportive for too many years. Many unlisted friends, colleagues, relatives, students, and anonymous reviewers have also made helpful suggestions.

Introduction to Differential Geometry & General Relativity

You may be wondering: what holds the neutron star up? Neutrons are chargeless and the nuclear force between neutrons (and protons) is only attractive, so what keeps the neutron star from further collapse? Just as with electrons, neutrons obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle. Consequently, they avoid one another when they are confined and have a sizable kinetic energy due to the uncertainty principle. If the neutrons are nonrelativistic, the previous calculation for the radius of the white dwarf star will work just the same, with the replacement me ’ mn. This change reduces the radius R0 of the neutron star by a factor of ‡2000 (the ratio of mn to me) and R0 ‡ 10 km. One of these would comfortably fit on Long Island but would produce somewhat disruptive effects.

Kant’s Theory of Biology

Whereas early modern advocates of experimental philosophy, Cartesian mechanism, and Newtonian mathematical physics avoided positing final causes and teleological explanations, many philosophers and natural researchers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries believed that efficient causes and non-teleological explanations were insufficient to explain the processes that regularly occurred in nerves and muscles, and in plant and animal generation, and thus tried to reinstate final causes and teleological explanations.

Gender, Food and COVID-19 Global Stories of Harm and Hope

We would like to thank all of the people who wrote for the blog on Gender, Food, Agriculture and Coronavirus. We wish we could have published all of the blogs, but for the purposes of having a short book that was published in a timely fashion, we could only choose a small selection of authors.

Intermediate Physics for Medicine and Biology

Between 1971 and 1973 I audited all the courses medical students take in their first two years at the University of Minnesota. I was amazed at the amount of physics I found in these courses and how little of it is discussed in the general physics course. I found a great discrepancy between the physics in some papers in the biological research literature and what I knew to be the level of understanding of most biology majors or premed students who have taken a year of physics. It was clear that an intermediate-level physics course would help these students. It would provide the physics they need and would relate it directly to the biological problems where it is useful.

PHYSICS

At one step in the calculation, we note that one million cubic centimeters make one cubic meter. Our result is indeed close to the expected value. Since the last reported significant digit is not certain, the difference in the two values is probably due to measurement uncertainty and should not be a concern. One important common-sense check on density values is that objects which sink in water must have a density greater than 1 g cm3 , and objects that float must be less dense than water.

Impedance Spectroscopy Theory, Experiment, and Applications

The principal audience that will benefit from this book are M.Sc. and Ph.D. students with specialization in physical chemistry, electrochemistry, or physics, as well as researchers and engineers in the field of electrochemistry, particularly in areas of semiconductors, solid electrolytes, corrosion, solid state devices, and electrochemical power sources. Impedance spectroscopy has firmly established itself as one of the most informative and irreplaceable investigation methods in these areas of research. In addition, the book provides a valuable source of information and resource for established researchers and engineers working in one or more of the above fields.

Whose Cosmopolitanism? Critical Perspectives, Relationalities and Discontents

The history of cosmopolitanism is commonly traced from Dio- genes to Kant to Levinas up to contemporary thinkers such as Ulrich Beck, Martha Nussbaum, Kwame Anthony Appiah and Judith Butler.

ASSEMBLING MORAL MOBILITIES

This book was written with the support of a heterogeneous actor- network, including scholars, cities, comrades, and their bicycles. I’m a slow typist, and the manuscript is already four days late, so I’ll be brief. It couldn’t have happened without financial support from Can -ada’s Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, and therefore the intrepid Natasha Wiebe at the University of Windsor, who helped me secure this funding

IMAGE ESTIMATION BY EXAMPLE: Geophysical soundings image construction

We make discoveries about reality by examining the discrepancy between theory and practice. There is a well-developed theory about the difference between theory and practice, and it is called “geophysical inverse theory”. In this book we investigate the practice of the difference between theory and practice. As the folklore tells us, there is a big difference. There are already many books on the theory, and often as not, they end in only one or a few applications in the author’s specialty. In this book on practice, we examine data and results from many diverse applications. I have adopted the discipline of suppressing theoretical curiosities until I find data that requires it (except for a few concepts at chapter ends).

INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS BIOLOGY Workbook for Flipped-Classroom Teaching

The content of this book was developed over more than 15 years of teaching the course “Introduction to Systems Biology”, first at the University of Stuttgart and then mainly at the University of Luxembourg. This course aims to introduce key mathematical concepts of systems biology to students with mainly biology backgrounds. Easily accessible toy examples are used to illustrate these concepts in a straightforward way. Some of these examples, as well as some of the ideas in the book, come from colleagues, whom we would like to thank very much for sharing their work.

Introduction to Groups, Invariants and Particles

This introduction to Group Theory, with its emphasison Lie Groups and their application to the study of symmetries of the fundamental constituents of matter, has its originin a one -semester course that I taught at Yale University for more than ten years. The course was developed for Seniors, and advanced Juniors, majoring in the Physical Sciences. The students had generally completed the core courses for their majors, and had taken intermediate level courses in Linear Algebra, Real and Complex Analysis , Ordinary Linear Differential Equations, and some of the Special Functions of Physics. Group Theory was not a mathematical requirement for a degree in the Physical Sciences. The majority of existing undergraduate textbooks on Group Theory and its applications in Physics tend to be either highly qualitative or highly mathematical. The purpose of this introduction is to steer a middle course that provides the student with a sound mathematical bas is for studying the symmetry properties of the fundamental particles. It is not generally appreciated by Physicists that continuous transformation groups (Lie Groups) originated in the Theory of Differential Equations. The infinitesimal generators of Lie Groups the refore have forms that involve differential operators and their commutators, and these operators and their algebraic properties have found, and continue to find, a natural place in the development of Quantum Physics.

Options for Estimating Illegal Entries at the U.S.–Mexico Border

The panel held its first in-person meeting (in conjunction with a public workshop) in November 2011. It held a second in-person meeting in Janu- ary 2012. Several panel members participated in a field trip to the Tucson and San Diego sectors of the U.S.–Mexico border prior to the January meet- ing and had an opportunity to meet with U.S.