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Финансы

Финансы – это исторически сложившаяся экономическая категория, которая охватывает значительную часть денежных отношений в обществе через распределительные и перераспределительные процессы. Термин «финансы» берет свое начало от латинского слова «финиш», что в денежных отношениях между населением и государством означало конец – завершение платежа, окончательный расчет. Затем от термина «финиш» произошло слово «финансы» (finansia), означавшее денежный платеж. Позднее термин «финансы» стал применяться в более широком смысле, как совокупность публичных доходов и расходов. Далее появился термин «публичные финансы», определявший совокупность государственных доходов и расходов.

Sociology

The 1990s inherit from the 1980s crises, changes, and challenges. Crime is running rampant. The public is demanding more police, more jails, and tougher sentences, but less government spending. The econ- omy suffers from foreign competition, trade deficits, budget deficits, and economic uncertainties. Government social policies seem to create al- most as many problems as they solve. Laborers, women, blacks, and many other groups complain of injustices and victimization.

Historical and modern design methods

The creation of a harmonious and high-quality artistic object of horticultural art can only be achieved through generational experience, compositional and technical methods. When working on a project, a landscape architect should be well aware of the task assigned to him. He must choose the most optimal methodological solution, organically place the new or reconstructed object in the surrounding landscape, taking into account the specific features of the area. Style in landscape design is a specific interpretation of the basic rules and techniques of planning, the color scheme of the garden, the selection of plants and their combinations, the type of decorative cover, and small architectural forms. The most important task is to create a harmonious, comfortable space where beauty reigns.

The relationship between natural and architectural forms

Natural landscape is the most important factor in the composition of any architectural object. The building "mixed" with the landscape. This means its harmonious combination with the terrain, the use of the reflection effect in the reservoir window, and a wide range of interactions with the arrays of green areas. –The relationship between architecture and nature is historically determined and developed alongside society. With relatively uniform natural data, the appearance of a residential area or the compositional solution of an individual structure is determined by the architect's creative method, professional skills, knowledge of national traditions, and understanding of nature. Considering the landscape functions of building and structure design, it is necessary to distinguish three levels

Functions, objects and methods of landscape design and landscape architecture and ecological aspects

Currently, issues of ecological transformation of the environment of urban public spaces - urban spaces with urban status and intended for social, political, and economic connections of the urban population - are becoming increasingly relevant. Currently, the structural elements of urban public places are considered as separate urban planning objects (public centers, city streets and squares, landscaping), separated from the general ecological situation. This has led to unfavorable public spaces in modern cities (deterioration of the ecological situation, destruction of landscape components).

Metrologiya standartlashtirish va sertifikatlashtirish.

Metrologiya standartlashtirish va sertifikatlashtirish'' fani bo'yicha ma'ruza matnlari to'plamida xalq xo'jaligining sanoatning barcha tarmoqlarida ishlatiladigan metrologik tushunchalar va ta'riflar,ishlab chiqarish jarayonida amalga oshiriladigan zaruriy metrologik faoliyat turlari,o'lchash,o'lchash usullari va turlari,va sifat boshqaruvi kabilar haqidagi zarur ma'lumotlar keltirilgan.

Расчет упругих конструкций с использованием ЭВМ 2

Второй том сборника включает в себя статьи, посвященные проблемам наилучшего использования возможностей ЭЦВМ.

Kasbiy Psixologiya.

Kasb psixologiyasi shaxsda kasbga doir bilim,ko'nikma,malakalarini shuningdek,ulardagi mavjud tushuncha,tasvvurlarini boyitishga xizmat qiladi.

Динамика сооружений

В сборнике содержится ряд статей, посвященных различным вопросам динамики сооружений. Рассматриваются колебания мачт, линий электропередач, морских эстакад, протяженных зданий, освещены некоторые вопросы линейных и нелинейных колебаний систем с конечным и бесконечным числом степеней свободы под действием периодических и случайных возмущений.

Maktabgacha ta’limda musiqiy tarbiya metodikasi fanidan ma`ruza matni

Musiqaning bola hissiyoti va intilishiga, mazmuniga va his yetishiga katta ta’sirini hisobga olganda, haqqoniy va voqeylikni to‘g‘ri aks yettirgan musiqali asardan o‘rinli foydalanish alohida o‘rin tutadi.

Труды института исследование и создание нового оборудования для производства цемента. Выпуск ХХХ

В сборнике рассматриваются вопросы разработки основного и вспомогательного оборудования для технологических линии сухого способа производства цемента. Приводятся результаты испытаний оборудования в лабораторных и промышленных условиях, его конструктивные и расчетные характеристики.

Вопросы прочности. Деформативности и трещиностойкости железобетона

В сборнике рассматриваются вопросы напряженно деформированного состояния сечений железобетонных элементов, прочности, деформативности и трещиностойкости изгибаемых и сжатых элементов, выполненных из различных бетонов, при воздействии статических и динамических нагрузок.

Great writing

We believe first in the primacy of text and in the enduring authority, intelligence, and joy in great writing. When aspiring writers read great writing carefully and attentively, they come closer to producing excер- tional writing themselves.

Anthropology 96/97

Given the very broad scope of anthropology-in time, space, and sub ject matter-the present collection of highly readable articles has been selected according to certain criteria. The articles have been chosen from both professional and nonprofessional publications for the purpose of supplementing the standard textbook in cultural anthropology that is used in introductory courses.

Archaeology

Thus, the student will be exposed to a holistic per- spective about archaeology as a living and applied science. In good writ- ing, an author does not say "Darwin was a very tall man" but rather that "Darwin had to duck his head to pass through his seven-foot-tall library door."

Urban society

There was the hope, particularly on the part of many big city mayors, that the 12 years of Republican rule were a mere interregnum. The return of the Democrats, it was assumed, meant the resumption of large-scale urban aid as well. They were to be disappointed.